The difference between Pole and Root

Pole as a noun:

Originally, a stick; now specifically, a long and slender piece of metal or (especially) wood, used for various construction or support purposes.

Pole as a noun (angling):

A type of basic fishing rod.

Pole as a noun:

A long sports implement used for pole-vaulting; now made of glassfiber or carbon fiber, formerly also metal, bamboo and wood have been used.

Pole as a noun (slang, spotting):

A telescope used to identify birds, aeroplanes or wildlife.

Pole as a noun (historical):

A unit of length, equal to a perch (¼ chain or 5½ yards).

Pole as a noun (motor racing):

Pole position.

Pole as a noun (US, rap music, slang):

A gun.

Pole as a verb:

To propel by pushing with poles, to push with a pole.

Pole as a verb:

To identify something quite precisely using a telescope.

Pole as a verb (transitive):

To furnish with poles for support.

Pole as a verb (transitive):

To convey on poles.

Pole as a verb (transitive):

To stir, as molten glass, with a pole.

Pole as a noun:

Either of the two points on the earth's surface around which it rotates; also, similar points on any other rotating object.

Pole as a noun:

A point of magnetic focus, especially each of the two opposing such points of a magnet (designated north and south).

Pole as a noun (geometry):

A fixed point relative to other points or lines.

Pole as a noun (electricity):

A contact on an electrical device (such as a battery) at which electric current enters or leaves.

Pole as a noun (complex analysis):

For a meromorphic function f(z), any point a for which f(z) \rightarrow \infty as z \rightarrow a.

Pole as a noun (obsolete):

The firmament; the sky.

Pole as a noun:

Either of the states that characterize a bipolar disorder.

Pole as a verb (transitive):

To induce piezoelectricity in (a substance) by aligning the dipoles.

Root as a noun:

The part of a plant, generally underground, that anchors and supports the plant body, absorbs and stores water and nutrients, and in some plants is able to perform vegetative reproduction.

Root as a noun:

A root vegetable.

Root as a noun:

The part of a tooth extending into the bone holding the tooth in place.

Root as a noun:

The part of a hair under the skin that holds the hair in place.

Root as a noun:

The part of a hair near the skin that has not been dyed, permed, or otherwise treated.

Root as a noun:

The primary source; origin.

Root as a noun (arithmetic):

Of a number or expression, a number which, when raised to a specified power, yields the specified number or expression.

Root as a noun (arithmetic):

A square root (understood if no power is specified; in which case, “the root of” is often abbreviated to “root”).

Root as a noun (analysis):

A zero (of an equation).

Root as a noun (graph theory, computing):

The single node of a tree that has no parent.

Root as a noun (linguistic morphology):

The primary lexical unit of a word, which carries the most significant aspects of semantic content and cannot be reduced into smaller constituents. Inflectional stems often derive from roots.

Root as a noun (philology):

A word from which another word or words are derived.

Root as a noun (music):

The fundamental tone of any chord; the tone from whose harmonics, or overtones, a chord is composed.

Root as a noun:

The lowest place, position, or part.

Root as a noun (computing):

In UNIX terminology, the first user account with complete access to the operating system and its configuration, found at the root of the directory structure; the person who manages accounts on a UNIX system.

Root as a noun (computing):

The highest directory of a directory structure which may contain both files and subdirectories.

Root as a noun (slang):

A penis, especially the base of a penis.

Root as a verb:

To fix the root; to enter the earth, as roots; to take root and begin to grow.

Root as a verb:

To be firmly fixed; to be established.

Root as a verb (computing, slang, transitive):

To break into a computer system and obtain root access.

Root as a verb (ambitransitive):

To turn up or dig with the snout.

Root as a verb (by extension):

To seek favour or advancement by low arts or grovelling servility; to fawn.

Root as a verb (intransitive):

To rummage; to search as if by digging in soil.

Root as a verb (transitive):

To root out; to abolish.

Root as a verb (Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, vulgar, slang):

To have sexual intercourse.

Root as a verb (horticulture, intransitive):

To grow roots

Root as a verb (horticulture, transitive):

To prepare, oversee, or otherwise cause the rooting of cuttings

Root as a noun (Australia, New Zealand, vulgar, slang):

An act of sexual intercourse.

Root as a noun (Australia, New Zealand, vulgar, slang):

A sexual partner.

Root as a verb (intransitive, with "for" or "on", US):

To cheer (on); to show support (for) and hope for the success of.