The difference between That and There
When used as nouns, that means something being indicated that is there, whereas there means that place.
When used as pronouns, that means the thing, person, idea, quality, event, action or time indicated or understood from context, especially if more remote geographically, temporally or mentally than one designated as "", or if expressing distinction, whereas there means in its sense of “exist”, with the semantic, usually indefinite subject being postponed or (occasionally) implied.}}.
When used as adverbs, that means to a given extent or degree, whereas there means in a place or location (stated, implied or otherwise indicated) at some distance from the speaker (compare here).
That is also determiner with the meaning: the (thing, person, idea, etc) indicated or understood from context, especially if more remote physically, temporally or mentally than one designated as "", or if expressing distinction.
check bellow for the other definitions of That and There
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That as a pronoun (demonstrative):
The thing, person, idea, quality, event, action or time indicated or understood from context, especially if more remote geographically, temporally or mentally than one designated as "", or if expressing distinction.
Examples:
"He went home, and after that I never saw him again."
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That as a pronoun:
The known (thing); .
Examples:
"They're getting divorced. What do you think about ''that''?"
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That as a pronoun (demonstrative):
The aforementioned quality; .
Examples:
"The water is so cold! — That it is."
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That as a pronoun (relative):
(plural that) Which, who; .
Examples:
"The CPR course that she took really came in handy."
"The house that he lived in was old and dilapidated."
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That as a pronoun (colloquial):
Examples:
"the place that [= where or to which] I went last year"
"the last time that [= when] I went to Europe"
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That as an adverb (degree):
To a given extent or degree.
Examples:
"The ribbon was that thin." "I disagree, I say it was not that thin, it was thicker... or maybe thinner..."
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That as an adverb (degree):
To a great extent or degree; very, particularly .
Examples:
"I'm just not that sick."
"I did the run last year, and it wasn't that difficult."
"synonyms: so"
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That as an adverb (obsolete, outside, dialects):
To such an extent; so. .
Examples:
"Ooh, I was that happy I nearly kissed her."
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That as a noun (philosophy):
Something being indicated that is there; one of those.
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There as an adverb (location):
In a place or location (stated, implied or otherwise indicated) at some distance from the speaker (compare here).
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There as an adverb (figuratively):
In that matter, relation, etc.; at that point, stage, etc., regarded as a distinct place.
Examples:
"He did not stop there, but continued his speech."
"They patched up their differences, but matters did not end there."
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There as an adverb (location):
To or into that place; thither.
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There as an adverb (obsolete):
Where, there where, in which place.
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There as an adverb:
In existence or in this world; see pronoun section below.
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There as a noun:
That place.
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There as a noun:
That status; that position.
Examples:
"You get it ready; I'll take it from there."
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There as a pronoun:
in its sense of “exist”, with the semantic, usually indefinite subject being postponed or (occasionally) implied.}}
Examples:
"There are two apples on the table.'' [=Two apples are on the table.]"
"There is no way to do it.'' [=No way to do it exists.]"
"Is there an answer?'' [=Does an answer exist?]"
"No, there isn't.'' [=No, one doesn't exist.]"
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There as a pronoun:
Examples:
"If x is a positive number, then there exists ''[=there is]'' a positive number y less than x."
"There remain several problems with this approach.'' [=Several problems remain with this approach.]"
"Once upon a time, in a now-forgotten kingdom, there lived a woodsman with his wife.'' [=There was a woodsman, who lived with his wife.]"
"There arose a great wind out of the east.'' [=There was now a great wind, arising in the east.]"
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There as a pronoun:
Examples:
"There seems to be some difficulty with the papers.'' [=It seems that there is some difficulty with the papers.]"
"I expected there to be a simpler solution.'' [=I expected that there would be a simpler solution.]"
"There are beginning to be complications.'' [=It's beginning to be the case that there are complications.]"
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There as a pronoun (in combination with certain prepositions, no longer [[productive]]):
That.
Examples:
"therefor, thereat, thereunder"
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There as a pronoun (colloquial):
Examples:
"Hi there, young fellow."