The difference between Subrogate and Substitute
When used as verbs, subrogate means to replace one person with another, whereas substitute means to use in place of something else, with the same function.
Substitute is also noun with the meaning: a replacement or stand-in for something that achieves a similar result or purpose.
check bellow for the other definitions of Subrogate and Substitute
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Subrogate as a verb (legal):
to replace one person with another
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Substitute as a verb (transitive):
To use in place of something else, with the same function.
Examples:
"I had no shallots so I substituted onion."
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Substitute as a verb (transitive):
In the phrase "substitute X for Y", to use X in place of Y. With increasing frequency used in the semantically opposite sense (see [http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/193079?isAdvanced=false&result=3&rskey=zYLG08&#eid20118763 the OED's notes]).
Examples:
"I had to substitute new parts for the old ones."
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Substitute as a verb (transitive):
In the phrase "substitute X with/by Y", to use Y in place of X; to replace X with Y
Examples:
"I had to substitute old parts with the new ones.'' (<small>This usage was formerly proscribed.</small>)"
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Substitute as a verb (transitive, sports):
To remove (a player) from the field of play and bring on another in his place.
Examples:
"He was playing poorly and was substituted after twenty minutes"
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Substitute as a verb (intransitive):
To serve as a replacement (for someone or something)
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Substitute as a noun:
A replacement or stand-in for something that achieves a similar result or purpose.
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Substitute as a noun (sports):
A player who is available to replace another if the need arises, and who may or may not actually do so.
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Substitute as a noun (historical):
One who enlists for military service in the place of a conscript.