The difference between Next and This
When used as determiners, next means the one immediately following the current or most recent one, whereas this means the (thing) here .
When used as nouns, next means the one that follows after this one, whereas this means something being indicated that is here.
When used as adverbs, next means in a time, place, rank or sequence closest or following, whereas this means to the degree or extent indicated.
Next is also preposition with the meaning: on the side of.
Next is also adjective with the meaning: in place or position, having nothing similar intervening.
This is also pronoun with the meaning: the thing, item, etc. being indicated.
check bellow for the other definitions of Next and This
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Next as an adjective (obsolete):
in place or position, having nothing similar intervening; . Most direct, or shortest or nearest in distance or time.
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Next as an adjective:
Nearest in order, succession, or rank; immediately (or sometimes ) in order.
Examples:
"the next chapter; the next man I see; the next week; the Sunday next before Easter"
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Next as an adjective (figuratively):
Following in a hypothetical sequence of some kind.
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Next as an adjective (chiefly, law):
Nearest in relationship. .}}
Examples:
"[[next friend next friend]]"
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Next as an adverb:
In a time, place, rank or sequence closest or following.
Examples:
"They live in the next closest house."
"Next, we stripped off the old paint."
"Who is next after Henry gives his presentation?"
"It's the next best thing to ice cream."
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Next as an adverb:
On the first subsequent occasion.
Examples:
"Financial panic, earthquakes, oil spills, riots. What comes next?"
"When we next meet, you'll be married."
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Next as a preposition:
On the side of; nearest or adjacent to; next to.
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Next as a noun:
The one that follows after this one.
Examples:
"Next, please, don't hold up the queue!"
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This as an adverb:
To the degree or extent indicated.
Examples:
"I need this much water."
"Do we need this many recommendations?"
"We've already come this far, we can't turn back now."
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This as a pronoun:
The thing, item, etc. being indicated.
Examples:
"This is the excellent foppery of the world, that, when we are sick in fortune,—often the surfeit of our own behaviour,—we make guilty of our disasters the sun, the moon, and the stars...'' — Shakespeare, ''King Lear'', [http://en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=The_Tragedy_of_King_Lear&action=edit§ion=4 Act 1. Scene 2.]"
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This as a noun (philosophy):
Something being indicated that is here; one of these.