The difference between Cognate and Connate

When used as adjectives, cognate means allied by blood, whereas connate means of the same or a similar nature.

Cognate is also noun with the meaning: one of a number of things allied in origin or nature.

check bellow for the other definitions of Cognate and Connate

Cognate as an adjective (legal):

Allied by blood; kindred by birth; specifically related on the mother's side.
Cognate as an adjective:

Of the same or a similar nature; of the same family; proceeding from the same stock or root; allied; kindred.
Cognate as an adjective (linguistics):

Descended from the same source lexeme of an ancestor language.

Examples:

"English'' mother ''is cognate with Greek'' eμητέρα'', German'' de Mutter'', Russian'' ru мать ''and Persian'' fa مادر tr=madar."

"In English,'' queen ''is cognate with'' quean'', both of which are cognate with Russian'' ru жена́'', Icelandic'' is kona ''and Irish'' ga bean."

"English'' shirt ''is cognate with English'' skirt, short'', and'' curt ''and with German'' de kurz ''and French'' fr court ''; all of these are descended from the etyine-pro en root'' m ine-pro *(s)ker-'', meaning ‘to cut’."

Cognate as a noun:

One of a number of things allied in origin or nature.
Cognate as a noun (legal, dated):

One who is related to another on the female side.
Cognate as a noun (legal, dated):

One who is related to another, both having descended from a common ancestor through legal marriages.
Cognate as a noun (linguistics):

A word either descended from the same base word of the same ancestor language as the given word, or strongly believed to be a regular reflex of the same reconstructed root of proto-language as the given word.

Examples:

"English'' mother ''is a cognate of Greek'' eμητέρα'', German'' de Mutter'', Russian'' ru мать ''and Persian'' fa مادر tr=mâdar."

"English'' queen ''and'' quean'', Russian'' ru жена́'', Icelandic'' is kona ''and Irish'' ga bean ''are all cognates."

Connate as an adjective:

Of the same or a similar nature; proceeding from the same stock or root.
Connate as an adjective:

inborn
Connate as an adjective (botany):

united with others of the same kind (especially of sepals or petals)
Connate as an adjective (geology):

trapped within a rock at the time of its formation (especially of water or petroleum)