The difference between Allow and Let
When used as verbs, allow means to grant, give, admit, accord, afford, or yield, whereas let means to allow to, not to prevent (+ infinitive, but usually without ).
Let is also noun with the meaning: the allowing of possession of a property etc. in exchange for rent.
check bellow for the other definitions of Allow and Let
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Allow as a verb (transitive):
To grant, give, admit, accord, afford, or yield; to let one have.
Examples:
"to allow a servant his liberty; to allow a free passage; to allow one day for rest"
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Allow as a verb (transitive):
To acknowledge; to accept as true; to concede; to accede to an opinion.
Examples:
"to allow a right; to allow a claim; to allow the truth of a proposition"
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Allow as a verb (transitive):
To grant (something) as a deduction or an addition; especially to abate or deduct.
Examples:
"To allow a sum for leakage."
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Allow as a verb (transitive):
To grant license to; to permit; to consent to.
Examples:
"To allow a son to be absent."
"Smoking allowed only in designated areas."
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Allow as a verb:
To not bar or obstruct.
Examples:
"Although I don't consent to their holding such meetings, I will allow them for the time being."
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Allow as a verb (intransitive):
To acknowledge or concede.
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Allow as a verb (transitive):
To take into account by making an allowance.
Examples:
"When calculating a budget for a construction project, always allow for [[contingency contingencies]]."
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Allow as a verb (transitive):
To render physically possible.
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Allow as a verb (transitive, obsolete):
To praise; to approve of; hence, to sanction.
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Allow as a verb (obsolete):
To sanction; to invest; to entrust.
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Allow as a verb (transitive, obsolete):
To like; to be suited or pleased with.
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Let as a verb (transitive):
To allow to, not to prevent (+ infinitive, but usually without ).
Examples:
"After he knocked for hours, I decided to let him come in."
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Let as a verb (transitive):
To leave.
Examples:
"'Let me alone!"
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Let as a verb (transitive):
To allow the release of (a fluid).
Examples:
"The physicians let about a pint of his blood, but to no avail."
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Let as a verb (transitive):
To allow possession of (a property etc.) in exchange for rent.
Examples:
"I decided to let the farmhouse to a couple while I was working abroad."
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Let as a verb (transitive):
To give, grant, or assign, as a work, privilege, or contract; often with out.
Examples:
"to let the building of a bridge;  to let out the lathing and the plastering"
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Let as a verb (transitive):
Examples:
"'Let's put on a show!"
"'Let us have a moment of silence."
"'Let me just give you the phone number."
"'Let ''P'' be the point where ''AB'' and ''OX'' intersect."
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Let as a verb (transitive, obsolete, _, except with [[know]]):
To cause (+ bare infinitive).
Examples:
"Can you let me know what time you'll be arriving?"
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Let as a noun:
The allowing of possession of a property etc. in exchange for rent.
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Let as a verb (archaic):
To hinder, prevent, impede, hamper, cumber; to obstruct (someone or something).
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Let as a verb (obsolete):
To prevent someone from doing something; also to prevent something from happening.
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Let as a verb (obsolete):
To tarry or delay.
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Let as a noun:
An obstacle or hindrance.
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Let as a noun (tennis):
The hindrance caused by the net during serve, only if the ball falls legally.